It is becoming more common in northern Europe, which sounds counterintuitive, because heating during winter is a far bigger issue here than cooling during summer.

However, many private houses get ‘heat pumps’, which gives you more heating pr kW than pure old-fashion electric heating would have given. Basically it is a backwards airconditioner.

These heat pumps can also be run backwards, and then they function as aircondition.

The operative words here are ‘likely’, ‘unlikely’ and ‘probably’, which function as verbal CYA for a retired general giving an over-simplified analysis based on insufficient background knowledge.

There is pretty good consensus around not joining NATO while you’re in a territorial dispute.

Which is one reason why Russia love to maintain low-intensity border conflicts with non-NATO member countries, just to keep them out of NATO. Russia is gaming that rule to the extent that the world might actually be a more peaceful place if NATO scrapped that rule and allowed new members with a border conflict.